dote, "The Nature and Nurture of Economic Outcomes," National Bureau of Economic Research working paper, 2000. 172 finnish literacy: See Lizette Alvarez, "Educators Flocking to Finland, Land of Literate Children," New York Times, April 9, 2004. 173 a book for every tot: See John Keilman, "Governor Wants Books for Tots; Kids Would Get 60 by Age 5 in Effort to Boost Literacy," Chicago Tribune, January 12, 2004. 175-76 the influence of adoptive parents: See Sacerdote, "The Nature and Nurture of Economic Outcomes."     6. PERFECT PARENTING, PART II; OR: WOULD A ROSHANDA BY ANY OTHER NAME SMELL AS SWEET?   179-80 the story of loser lane: Drawn from author interviews and from Sean Gardiner, "Winner and Loser: Names Dont Decide Destiny," Newsday, July 22, 2002. 180-81 the judge and the temptress: Based on author interviews. 182 roland g. fryer and the study of black underachievement: Drawn from author interviews. 182 the black-white cigarette gap: See Lloyd Johnston, Patrick OMalley,     Jerald Bachman, and John Schulenberg, "Cigarette Brand Preferences Among Adolescents," Monitoring the Future Occasional Paper 45, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 1999. 182-89 black names (and other black-white culture gaps): See Roland G. Fryer Jr. and Steven D. Levitt, "The Causes and Consequences of Distinc- tively Black Names," Quarterly Journal of Economics 119, no. 3 (August 2004), pp. 767-805. 186 "white" résumés beating out "black" résumés: The most recent audit study to reach such a conclusion is Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mul- lainathan, "Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment Evidence on Labor Market Discrimination," National Bureau of Economic Research working paper, 2003. 187 yo xing heyno augustus eisner alexander weiser knuckles jeremi- jenko-conley: See Tara Bahrampour, "A Boy Named Yo, Etc.: Name Changes, Both Practical and Fanciful, Are on the Rise," New York Times, September 25, 2003. 187 michael goldberg, indian-born sikh: See Robert F. Worth, "Livery